能力建设｜深度走访海外仓之吉布提自贸区

发布时间：25-05-30　　来源：中国仓储与配送协会

2025年1月1日，国际仓储与物流联盟项目总监刘建萍前往招商局吉布提国际自贸区（以下简称为“DIFTZ”）进行为期十天的海外仓调研，受到了吉布提国际自贸区运营公司CEO袁俊华（图1）、招商局控股（吉布提）有限公司执行总经理黎友明（图2）的热情接待。调研重点围绕园区的运营管理、仓储物流服务体系及供应链配套能力展开。

On January 1, 2025, Alina Liu, Project Director of the International Federation of Warehousing and Logistics (IFWL), conducted a 10-day field study at the China Merchants Djibouti International Free Trade Zone (DIFTZ). She was warmly received by Mr. Billy Yuan, CEO of International Djibouti Industrial Parks Operation FZCO (Figure 1), and Mr. James Li, Executive General Manager of China Merchants Holdings (Djibouti) FZE (Figure 2). The visit aimed to gain in-depth insights into park operations, warehousing logistics, and supply chain services.

图1袁俊华        

 Figure 1 Billy YUAN  

图2 黎友明
 Figure 2 James LI

吉布提地处非洲东北部，是连接非洲、亚洲、中东和欧洲的重要枢。超过80%的埃塞俄比亚进出口货物经由此地。

Located in the Horn of Africa, Djibouti serves as a vital logistics hub connecting Africa, Asia, the Middle East, and Europe. More than 80% of Ethiopia’s import and export cargo transits through Djibouti, underscoring its strategic importance.

图3 吉布提的战略地理位置

Figure 3 Djibouti strategic location

招商局集团在当地按照“前港中区后城”PPC模式（港口、园区、城市一体化发展战略），打造了港口群、物流园和自贸区一体的产业生态系统。

China Merchants Group has adopted the "Port-Park-City" (PPC) integrated development model in the region to establish an industrial ecosystem that combines port clusters, logistics parks, and free trade zones.

图4 多功能的区域物流枢纽—多哈港（DMP）
Figure 4  Doha Multipurpose Port (DMP), a versatile regional logistics hub.

其中，招商港口保税物流园（CMHD）作为核心区域，具备完善的仓储设施与一体化服务能力，包括清关、仓储、运输、寄售。

At the center of this development is the bonded logistics park operated by China Merchants Holdings (Djibouti) FZE (CMHD), offerings advanced warehousing facilities and comprehensive integrated services such as customs clearance, storage, transportation, and consignment.

图5 CMHD保税物流园设施鸟瞰图

Figure 5   Aerial View of China Merchants Holdings (Djibouti) FZE

随着埃塞俄比亚从2024年起全面禁售燃油车，新能源汽车出口需求激增。DIFTZ设立贸易结算中心，解决外汇回流难题，并提供中转配送服务，通过海陆联运直达非洲内陆市场。园区享有“零税收”、商品保税操作、本币与美元挂钩、自由兑换等多重政策优势，降低企业成本。

With Ethiopia implementing a full ban on the sale of fuel-powered vehicles starting in 2024, demand for new energy vehicle exports has surged. To address challenges related to foreign exchange repatriation, the DIFTZ has established a trade settlement center and provides transshipment and distribution services. Through combined sea and land transport, goods can be delivered directly to inland African markets. Businesses benefit from favorable policies including zero taxation, bonded goods handling, currency pegging to the US dollar, and free currency exchange mechanisms, significantly reducing operational costs for the enterprises.

此外，DIFTZ企业可享受“零税收”政策，并借助COMESA（东南非共同市场）、AGOA（《非洲增长与机会法案》）、EBA（“除武器之外一切优惠”）等国际协定，“吉布提制造”原产地政策还可带来额外优惠。

Additionally, DIFTZ enterprises can take advantage of the zero-tax policy and international agreements such as COMESA (Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa), AGOA (African Growth and Opportunity Act), and EBA (Everything But Arms). Products labeled “Made in Djibouti” also enjoy origin-based preferential treatment, offering further competitive advantages.

图6新能源汽车代表与刘建萍合影

此次调研加深了对“一带一路”在非洲实践的理解，为中国企业建设海外仓、对接非洲市场提供了重要参考和支持。吉布提凭借其区位、政策、物流、金融等综合优势，正日益成为中国企业拓展非洲市场的重要跳板和战略支点。

This field study has deepened the understanding of the Belt and Road Initiative's implementation in Africa and provides valuable guidance and support for Chinese enterprises in establishing overseas warehouses and connecting with the African market. With its strategic location, robust policy incentives, and advanced logistics and financial infrastructure, Djibouti is emerging as a key gateway and strategic base for Chinese business expansion across the African continent.

                                                                 中国仓协保税、跨境电商与海外仓分会  
                                                       Bonded,Cross-Border E-Commerce and Overseas Hub Branch   
                                                                           China Association of Warehousing and Distribution